How Prostate Artery Embolisation Helps Manage Enlarged Prostate Symptoms

Understanding Enlarged Prostate Symptoms

What an Enlarged Prostate Means

An enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that affects many men as they age. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, and when it enlarges, it can press against this passageway. This pressure often leads to symptoms such as frequent urination, weak urine flow, difficulty starting urination, and the feeling of incomplete bladder emptying. Although not life-threatening, BPH can significantly affect daily comfort and quality of life.

Why Symptoms Develop Over Time

The prostate naturally grows with age, but in some men, this growth becomes excessive. Hormonal changes, family history, inflammation, and lifestyle factors may contribute to the condition. As the gland expands, it gradually restricts the flow of urine, causing the urinary symptoms commonly associated with BPH. Many men delay seeking treatment, assuming symptoms are a normal part of ageing, but early management can prevent complications such as bladder strain, infections, or reduced kidney function.

What Prostate Artery Embolisation Is

A Minimally Invasive Treatment Option

Prostate artery embolisation (PAE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to manage symptoms of an enlarged prostate. Instead of removing prostate tissue surgically, PAE works by reducing blood flow to the enlarged areas of the gland. This is achieved by inserting a small catheter through an artery in the groin or wrist and guiding it to the arteries supplying the prostate. Tiny particles are then released to block these arteries, gradually shrinking the prostate and relieving pressure on the urethra.

How PAE Works in the Body

When blood supply to the enlarged parts of the prostate is reduced, the tissue begins to shrink. This shrinking effect lowers the overall size of the gland and helps relieve urinary symptoms. Because PAE does not involve cutting or removing tissue, the recovery period is generally shorter compared to traditional surgical approaches. Many patients experience improvements in symptoms within weeks, while others notice gradual relief over several months.

Benefits of Prostate Artery Embolisation

Reduced Urinary Symptoms

One of the main benefits of PAE is the improvement in urinary flow. As the prostate becomes smaller, it places less pressure on the urethra, allowing urine to pass more freely. Many men report fewer nightly bathroom trips, increased comfort during urination, and an overall improvement in daily functioning.

Lower Risk of Sexual Side Effects

Some traditional treatments for an enlarged prostate can affect sexual function. PAE is designed to target the prostate’s blood supply without interfering with surrounding nerves responsible for sexual performance. As a result, the risk of erectile issues or ejaculation-related changes is lower, making it an appealing option for men who want symptom relief without compromising sexual health.

Minimally Invasive With Shorter Recovery

Because PAE does not involve surgical incisions, the recovery process is generally faster. Patients typically return home the same day and resume light activities shortly after. Any discomfort is usually mild and temporary. For individuals who prefer a less invasive solution or are not suitable candidates for surgery due to other health concerns, PAE offers a practical alternative.

Avoiding General Anaesthesia

Many surgical procedures for BPH require general anaesthesia, which presents added risks for some men, especially older individuals or those with chronic medical conditions. PAE is usually performed under local anaesthesia with light sedation, reducing these risks and improving patient safety.

Comparing PAE With Other Treatment Options

Surgical Approaches

Traditional surgeries such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) involve removing excess tissue to relieve symptoms. While effective, they require hospital stays, longer recovery periods, and a higher likelihood of side effects. PAE provides a non-surgical pathway that avoids many of these challenges, making it a suitable option for men wanting less downtime.

Medication-Based Treatments

Medications for BPH, such as alpha-blockers and hormone-modifying drugs, can provide relief but may also cause dizziness, fatigue, or reduced libido. Some patients may not respond well to medication or may prefer a more lasting solution. PAE offers an alternative that addresses the condition at its root by shrinking the enlarged gland.

Comparing Costs to Other Procedures

In discussions about medical treatment, cost can also become a factor. For example, treatments such as sclerotherapy cost in Sydney vary depending on the clinic, the number of sessions needed, and the complexity of the case. While this cost relates to vein treatment rather than prostate management, patients often consider medical expenses across all procedures they may undergo. PAE costs will differ based on provider expertise, equipment, and individual medical needs, but many men consider the investment worthwhile due to reduced downtime and long-term relief.

Who Can Benefit From Prostate Artery Embolisation

Ideal Candidates

PAE can benefit men experiencing moderate to severe urinary symptoms due to BPH, especially those looking for an option that does not involve surgery. It may also suit individuals who are not good candidates for traditional procedures because of age or underlying health concerns. Men who wish to preserve sexual function or avoid long recovery periods may also find PAE a suitable choice.

When PAE May Not Be Suitable

While PAE is effective for many, it may not be ideal for individuals with certain vascular conditions or anatomical differences that affect catheter navigation. A detailed imaging assessment is usually required to determine eligibility. Consulting with a qualified specialist is essential to ensure the procedure aligns with the patient’s health status and goals.

What to Expect During the Procedure

Preparation and Process

Before undergoing PAE, patients generally have imaging tests to map the arteries supplying the prostate. During the procedure, a small catheter is inserted and guided through the arteries, and tiny particles are used to block blood flow. The process is performed by an interventional radiologist and usually takes a couple of hours.

Recovery and Follow-Up

Most patients return home the same day. Mild cramping or discomfort may occur but typically resolves quickly. Follow-up appointments help monitor progress and ensure the prostate is responding as expected. Many men see noticeable improvement within a few weeks, with continued progress over time.

Conclusion

Prostate artery embolisation provides a practical and minimally invasive option for men seeking relief from enlarged prostate symptoms. By reducing the gland’s size and easing pressure on the urinary system, PAE can significantly improve quality of life. It also offers benefits such as fewer sexual side effects, quicker recovery, and suitability for those unable to undergo traditional surgery.

While different medical procedures come with their own considerations, including financial factors such as the sclerotherapy cost in Sydney or the expenses associated with other treatments, PAE remains a valuable option for men looking for effective and long-lasting symptom management. A consultation with a specialist can help determine if this approach is the right fit and provide guidance on the best pathway to improved urinary health.